Life cycle performance goals for civil infrastructure: intergenerational risk-informed decisions

Civil infrastructure facilities play a central role in the economic, social and political health of modern society. Such facilities are susceptible to ageing, which is stochastic in nature and makes their reliabilities time dependent. Life-cycle engineering analysis and risk-informed decision tools have advanced in recent years for managing public investments in performance assurance and risk mitigation of civil infrastructure. However, certain civil infrastructure projects may be designed for service periods that are substantially longer than what has been typically expected of buildings, bridges and similar facilities, extending the potential consequences of life-cycle engineering decisions far beyond the limits for which there is practical experience. Current assessment procedures will require modification to evaluate performance of civil infrastructure facilities over extended time frames and to support sustainable and equitable decisions affecting long-term public safety. This paper considers a number of key issues that must be addressed in life-cycle reliability assessment of civil infrastructure facilities that must remain functional for service periods of several generations, and introduces perspectives on risk that are germane to ensure sustainability and intergenerational equity in risk-informed decision-making.     

土建类专业工程素质和实践能力培养的研究与实践

按新专业目录设置的的土建类专业 ,对学生工程素质和实践能力的要求很高。我们针对目前存在的许多问题 ,经申报获得了世行贷款并列入国家级《2 1世纪初高等理工科教育教学改革项目》 ,开展了深入的研究与实践。本文指出了存在的问题 ,提出了改革思路 ,介绍了所取得的六项阶段性成果 ,阐述了几个观点 ,供同行参考     

7m嵌岩桩施工技术

介绍了在陡坡处嵌岩深桩的施工方案选择,具体的施工措施及注意事项。     

Geotechnical Solutions for Construction of the “Business Center” in Moscow

An example of a complex geotechnical solution is cited for the construction of buildings housing the Business Center in Moscow, which includes the analysis, design, and construction of a trench enclosure for the building complex, including an architectural monument with an underground level, and a newly constructed building with from two to three underground levels, as well as the church of Saint Peter and Paul on Yauze, which abuts the buildings under construction.     

地下商场防排烟设计补风方案研究

以某地下商场防排烟设计为例,探讨补风方案对防排烟效果的影响。结果表明了地下建筑防排烟设计的重要性,其中补风方案会对实际排烟效果产生显著的影响。     

高校商业服务设施研究

通过对大学生消费行为类型现状的分析,从规划布局、营业规格、造型及场所、交往空间、管理等方面指出了现在高校商业服务设施存在的问题,并深层次地分析了其原因,同时给出了相应的改进建议,以完善高校商业服务设施的规划设计。     

与树有关--湖南大学工商管理大楼方案设计

本文介绍了湖南大学工商管理大楼的设计过程,针对基地环境的各种制约因素,设计者提出了以樟树激活环境、朴素的设计观、复合界面处理、低造价等设计理念,结合创作实践进行了有益的探索。     

旅馆的标准与指标

本文综合介绍了我国在1978年以后所制定的旅馆建筑等级标准及有关指标,结合国外旅馆标准进行比较分析,并以国内近几年来的旅馆建设实践进行衡量,探讨了我国旅馆设计标准与指标的适用性,及其进一步完善的途径。     

钢筋砼结构的比拟桁架及其设计

桁架比拟法能直观地显示钢筋硷结构复杂区域开裂后的传力体系．本文阐述了构造桁架的方法，并简述了砼节点和压杆及钢筋拉杆的设计方法．     

Method for detecting moment connection fracture using high-frequency transients in recorded accelerations

The 1994 Northridge earthquake caused brittle fractures in steel moment frame building connections, despite causing little visible building damage in most cases. Future strong earthquakes are likely to cause similar damage to the many un-retrofitted pre-Northridge buildings in the western US and elsewhere. Without obvious permanent building deformation, costly intrusive inspections are currently the only way to determine if major fracture damage that compromises building safety has occurred. Building instrumentation has the potential to provide engineers and owners with timely information on fracture occurrence. Structural dynamics theory predicts and scale model experiments have demonstrated that sudden, large changes in structure properties caused by moment connection fractures will cause transient dynamic response. A method is proposed for detecting the building-wide level of connection fracture damage, based on observing high-frequency, fracture-induced transient dynamic responses in strong motion accelerograms. High-frequency transients are short (<1 s), sudden-onset waveforms with frequency content above 25 Hz that are visually apparent in recorded accelerations. Strong motion data and damage information from intrusive inspections collected from 24 sparsely instrumented buildings following the 1994 Northridge earthquake are used to evaluate the proposed method. The method’s overall success rate for this data set is 67%, but this rate varies significantly with damage level. The method performs reasonably well in detecting significant fracture damage and in identifying cases with no damage, but fails in cases with few fractures. Combining the method with other damage indicators and removing records with excessive noise improves the ability to detect the level of damage.